Description :
Lean Body® Meal Replacement Shakes are NOW in a Jug! Lean Body® still has the same great taste as the packets and provides maximum support for muscle growth gains while minimizing fat storage in hard-training athletes. Each serving contains 35 grams of LeanPro®, our exclusive blend of the highest quality proteins. It also provides, 24 essential vitamins and minerals and only 5 grams of sugar. Lean Body® is now packed with 7 grams of fiber, yet contains no maltodextrin, artificial colors, preservatives, or Trans Fat. Note: 16 Servings per jug.
protein powder for weight loss
See Features Labrada Nutrition Lean Body Hi-Protein Meal Replacement Shake, Strawberry, 2.47-Pound Tub to avoid disappointment
BEST SMOOTHIE RECIPES FOR ENERGY, HEALTHY WEIGHT LOSS
BEST SMOOTHIE RECIPES FOR ENERGY, HEALTHY WEIGHT LOSS: Fit Now with Basedow #46 FIT NOW with BASEDOW: Fitness expert John Basedow shows how to prepare health...protein powder for weight loss
Video Rating: 4 / 5
A Trainer to the Stars Who's a Star-to-Be
He may undercut his own business, since he is also developing with Shaklee Corporation, a direct-sales company, a just-add-water powder meal replacement that won't require any appliances. “I see myself as a ... If his latest offering, an abstemious 1 ... protein powder for weight loss
Read more on New York Times
Guava, Psidium guava 's fruit ...Trái Ổi ....
Image by Vietnam Plants & The USA. plants
Những tấm hình này đã up load trong account cũ của tôi là " jesuismal ", nay đã delete.
These photos in this set were up loaded in my old account "jesuismal" which I deleted.
Vietnamese named : Ổi
English names : Guava
Scientist name : Psidium guava Linn.
Synonyms : Calyptropsidium O.Berg
Corynemyrtus (Kiaersk.) Mattos
Guajava Mill.
Mitropsidium Burret
Family : Myrtaceae. Họ Sim ( Đào Kim Nương )
Searched from :
**** WIKI
vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%94i
Ổi ta (danh pháp khoa học: Psidium guajava) là loài cây ăn quả thường xanh lâu năm, thuộc họ Đào kim nương, có nguồn gốc từ Brasil.
Đặc điểm
Cây ổi nhỏ hơn cây vải, nhãn, cao nhiều nhất 10m, đường kính thân tối đa 30cm. Những giống mới còn nhỏ và lùn hơn nữa[1].
Thân cây chắc, khỏe, ngắn vì phân cành sớm. Thân nhẵn nhụi rất ít bị sâu đục, vỏ già có thể tróc ra từng mảng phía dưới lại có một lượt vỏ mới cũng nhẵn, màu xám, hơi xanh. Cành non 4 cạnh, khi già mới tròn dần, lá đối xứng[1].
Hoa lưỡng tính, bầu hạ, mọc từng chùm 2, 3 chiếc, ít khi ở đầu cành mà thường ở nách lá, cánh 5, màu trắng, nhiều nhị vàng, hạt phấn nhỏ rất nhiều, phôi cũng nhiều. Ngoại hoa thụ phấn dễ dàng nhưng cũng có thể tự thụ phấn[1].
Quả to từ 4 – 5g đến 500 – 700 g gần tròn, dài thuôn hoặc hình chữ lê. Hạt nhiều, trộn giữa một khối thịt quả màu trắng, hồng, đỏ vàng. Từ khi thụ phấn đến khi quả chín khoảng 100 ngày
Các giống ổi
Có nhiều giống ổi khác nhau: ổi trâu, ổi Bo, ổi xá lị có quả to nhưng kém thơm ngọt; ổi mỡ, ổi găng, ổi đào, ổi nghệ tuy quả nhỏ nhưng ngọt và rất thơm
Thành phần dinh dưỡng và hoá học
Quả và lá ổi đều chứa beta-sitosterol, quereetin, guaijaverin, leucocyanidin và avicularin; lá còn có tinh dầu dễ bay hơi, eugenol; quả chín chứa nhiều vitamin C và các polysaccarit như fructoza, xyloza, glucoza, rhamnoza, galactoza...; rễ có chứa axit arjunolic; vỏ rễ chứa tanin và các axit hữu cơ[3].
Hàm lượng dinh dưỡng trung bình trong 100 gam quả ổi: 1 gam protein, 15 mg canxi, 1 mg sắt, 0,06 mg retinol (vitamin A), 0,05 mg thiamin (vitamin B1) và 200 mg axit ascorbic (vitamin C). Hàm lượng vitamin C cao trong quả ổi hơn đáng kể so với trong cam[4]. Quả ổi cũng giàu pectin[5].
Theo một tài liệu khác, quả ổi chứa 77,9% nước, 0,9% protein, 0,3% lipit, 15 %cacbohydrat, 0,3% axit hữu cơ, 0,5 % tro, 0,03 mg% vitamin B1, 0,03 mg% vitamin B2, 0,2 mg% vitamin PP, 50 -60 mg% vitamin C[2]. Các loại đường trong quả ổi gồm 58,9 % fructoza, 35,7 % glucoza, 5,3 % saccaroza. Các axit hữu cơ chính là axit citric và axit malic[2].
Theo Bộ Nông nghiệp Hoa Kỳ (healthaliciousness.com )
Quả ổi, giống Apple Guava, tính theo 100 g phần ăn được
Năng lượng36-50 cal
Hàm lượng nước77-86 g
Xơ tiêu hóa2,8-5,5 g
Protein0,9-1,0 g
Chất béo0,1-0,5 g
Tro0,43-0,7 g
Carbohydrat9,5-10 g
Calcium9,1–17 mg
Phospho17,8–30 mg
Sắt0,30-0,70 mg
Carotene (Vitamin A)200-400 I.U
Axit ascorbic (Vitamin C)200–400 mg
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)0,046 mg
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)0,03-0.04 mg
Niacin (Vitamin B3)0,6-1,068 mg
Trong lá ổi có chứa 10 phần trăm tanin cùng các thành phần tương tự và 0,3 % tinh dầu (chủ yếu là caryophyllene, β-bisabolene, ngoài ra có aromadendrene, β-selinene, nerolidiol, oxit caryophyllene và Sel-11-en-4a-ol và eugenol), và cũng có thể có tecpen (axit oleanolic, axit ursolic)[7]. Vỏ cây chứa 25-30% tanin
Điều kiện sinh thái
Cây ổi lá xanh quanh năm, không chịu được rét, độ nhiệt -2 °C cả cây lớn cũng chết. Ngược lại ổi chịu đựng dễ dàng những độ nhiệt cao ở các sa mạc nếu đủ nước. Độ nhiệt thấp ví dụ dưới 18 - 20 °C thì quả bé, phát triển chậm chất lượng kém[1].
Ổi thích khí hậu ẩm, nếu lượng mưa hàng năm 1.500 – 4.000 mm phân bố tương đối đều thì không phải tưới. Bộ rễ của ổi thích nghi tốt với sự thay đổi đột ngột độ ẩm trong đất. Nếu trời hạn, mực nước ngầm thấp, ổi có khả năng phát triển nhanh một số rễ thẳng đứng ăn sâu xuống đất tận 3 – 4 m và hơn. Nếu mưa nhiều, mực nước dâng cao ổi đâm nhiều rễ ăn trở lại mặt đất do đó không bị ngạt.. Thậm chí bị ngập hẳn vài ngày ổi cũng không chết.
Ổi trồng được ở nhiều loại đất, pH thích hợp từ 4,5 đến 8,2. Ổi không sợ gió nhưng giống quả to lá to khi bị bão bị rách lá, rụng quả
Công dụng
[sửa]Làm thực phẩm
Quả ổi có thể được ăn tươi hoặc chế biến thành mứt đông hay đồ hộp nước ổi. Tuỳ theo từng giống ổi mà quả ổi chín có thể có vị ngọt hay chua.
[sửa]Làm thuốc
Các bộ phận của cây ổi như búp non, lá non, quả, vỏ rễ và vỏ thân đều được dùng để làm thuốc. Nghiên cứu dược lý cho thấy dịch chiết các bộ phận của cây ổi đều có khả năng kháng khuẩn, làm săn se niêm mạc và cầm đi lỏng[3].
Theo dược học cổ truyền, lá ổi vị đắng sáp, tính ấm, có công dụng tiêu thũng giải độc, thu sáp chỉ huyết; quả ổi vị ngọt hơi chua sáp, tính ấm, có công dụng thu liễm, kiện vị cố tràng; các bộ phận của cây ổi thường được dùng để chữa các chứng bệnh như tiết tả (đi lỏng), cửu lỵ (lỵ mạn tính), viêm dạ dày ruột cấp tính và mạn tính, thấp độc, thấp chẩn, sang thương xuất huyết, tiêu khát (tiểu đường), băng huyết...[3]
Các bài thuốc dân gian từ cây ổi được sử dụng ở Việt Nam, Trung Quốc, Hawaii, Trung Mỹ, Nam Mỹ, Caribe, Tây Phi...
[sửa]Công dụng khác
Vỏ cây được sử dụng trong quá trình thuộc da nhờ có hàm lượng tannin cao
**** THUỐC ĐÔNG DƯỢC
thuocdongduoc.vn/index.php?option=com_content&view=ar...
**** VIETROSELLE : CÁCH CHĂM SÓC VÀ TRỒNG CÂY ỔI .
www.vietroselle.com/content/sp/caythuoc_details_view=27.php
**** TRUNG TÂM DỮ LIỆU THỰC VẬT VIETNAM : ỔI VÀ KỶ THUẬT TRỒNG ỔI
www.botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=news&newsid=377
__________________________________________________
**** RAINTREE
www.rain-tree.com/guava.htm
Called guayaba in Spanish-speaking countries and goiaba in Brazil, guava is a common shade tree or shrub in door-yard gardens in the tropics. It provides shade while the guava fruits are eaten fresh and made into drinks, ice cream, and preserves. In the richness of the Amazon, guava fruits often grow well beyond the size of tennis balls on well-branched trees or shrubs reaching up to 20 m high. Cultivated varieties average about 10 meters in height and produce lemon-sized fruits. The tree is easily identified by its distinctive thin, smooth, copper-colored bark that flakes off, showing a greenish layer beneath.
Guava fruit today is considered minor in terms of commercial world trade but is widely grown in the tropics, enriching the diet of hundreds of millions of people in the tropics of the world. Guava has spread widely throughout the tropics because it thrives in a variety of soils, propagates easily, and bears fruit relatively quickly. The fruits contain numerous seeds that can produce a mature fruit-bearing plant within four years. In the Amazon rainforest guava fruits are much enjoyed by birds and monkeys, which disperse guava seeds in their droppings and cause spontaneous clumps of guava trees to grow throughout the rainforest.
TRIBAL AND HERBAL MEDICINE USES
Guava may have been domesticated in Peru several thousand years ago; Peruvian archaeological sites have revealed guava seeds found stored with beans, corn, squash, and other cultivated plants. Guava fruit is still enjoyed as a sweet treat by indigenous peoples throughout the rainforest, and the leaves and bark of the guava tree have a long history of medicinal uses that are still employed today.
The Tikuna Indians decoct the leaves or bark of guava as a cure for diarrhea. In fact, an infusion or decoction made from the leaves and/or bark has been used by many tribes for diarrhea and dysentery throughout the Amazon, and Indians also employ it for sore throats, vomiting, stomach upsets, for vertigo, and to regulate menstrual periods. Tender leaves are chewed for bleeding gums and bad breath, and it is said to prevent hangovers (if chewed before drinking). Indians throughout the Amazon gargle a leaf decoction for mouth sores, bleeding gums, or use it as a douche for vaginal discharge and to tighten and tone vaginal walls after childbirth. A decoction of the bark and/or leaves or a flower infusion is used topically for wounds, ulcers and skin sores. Flowers are also mashed and applied to painful eye conditions such as sun strain, conjunctivitis or eye injuries.
Centuries ago, European adventurers, traders, and missionaries in the Amazon Basin took the much enjoyed and tasty fruits to Africa, Asia, India, and the Pacific tropical regions, so that it is now cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world. Commercially the fruit is consumed fresh or used in the making of jams, jellies, paste or hardened jam, and juice. Guava leaves are in the Dutch Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of diarrhea, and the leaves are still used for diarrhea in Latin America, Central and West Africa, and Southeast Asia. In Peruvian herbal medicine systems today the plant is employed for diarrhea, gastroenteritis, intestinal worms, gastric disorders, vomiting, coughs, vaginal discharges, menstrual pain and hemorrhages, and edema. In Brazil guava is considered an astringent drying agent and diuretic and is used for the same conditions as in Peru. A decoction is also recommended as a gargle for sore throats, laryngitis and swelling of the mouth, and used externally for skin ulcers, and vaginal irritation and discharges.
PLANT CHEMICALS
Guava is rich in tannins, phenols, triterpenes, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, carotenoids, lectins, vitamins, fiber and fatty acids. Guava fruit is higher in vitamin C than citrus (80 mg of vitamin C in 100 g of fruit) and contains appreciable amounts of vitamin A as well. Guava fruits are also a good source of pectin - a dietary fiber. The leaves of guava are rich in flavonoids, in particular, quercetin. Much of guava's therapeutic activity is attributed to these flavonoids. The flavonoids have demonstrated antibacterial activity. Quercetin is thought to contribute to the anti-diarrhea effect of guava; it is able to relax intestinal smooth muscle and inhibit bowel contractions. In addition, other flavonoids and triterpenes in guava leaves show antispasmodic activity. Guava also has antioxidant properties which is attributed to the polyphenols found in the leaves.
Guava's main plant chemicals include: alanine, alpha-humulene, alpha-hydroxyursolic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-selinene, amritoside, araban, arabinose, arabopyranosides, arjunolic acid, aromadendrene, ascorbic acid, ascorbigen, asiatic acid, aspartic acid, avicularin, benzaldehyde, butanal, carotenoids, caryophyllene, catechol-tannins, crataegolic acid, D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid, ellagic acid, ethyl octanoate, essential oils, flavonoids, gallic acid, glutamic acid, goreishic acid, guafine, guavacoumaric acid, guaijavarin, guajiverine, guajivolic acid, guajavolide, guavenoic acid, guajavanoic acid, histidine, hyperin, ilelatifol D, isoneriucoumaric acid, isoquercetin, jacoumaric acid, lectins, leucocyanidins, limonene, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, lysine, mecocyanin, myricetin, myristic acid, nerolidiol, obtusinin, octanol, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, pectin, polyphenols, psidiolic acid, quercetin, quercitrin, serine, sesquiguavene, tannins, terpenes, and ursolic acid.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND CLINICAL RESEARCH
The long history of guava's use has led modern-day researchers to study guava extracts. Its traditional use for diarrhea, gastroenteritis and other digestive complaints has been validated in numerous clinical studies. A plant drug has even been developed from guava leaves (standardized to its quercetin content) for the treatment of acute diarrhea. Human clinical trials with the drug indicate its effectiveness in treating diarrhea in adults. Guava leaf extracts and fruit juice has also been clinically studied for infantile diarrhea. In a clinical study with 62 infants with infantile rotaviral enteritis, the recovery rate was 3 days (87.1%) in those treated with guava, and diarrhea ceased in a shorter time period than controls. It was concluded in the study that guava has "good curative effect on infantile rotaviral enteritis."
Guava has many different properties that contribute to its antidiarrheal effect: it has been documented with pronounced antibacterial, antiamebic and antispasmodic activity. It has also shown to have a tranquilizing effect on intestinal smooth muscle, inhibit chemical processes found in diarrhea and aid in the re-absorption of water in the intestines. In other research, an alcoholic leaf extract was reported to have a morphine-like effect, by inhibiting the gastrointestinal release of chemicals in acute diarrheal disease. This morphine-like effect was thought to be related to the chemical quercetin. In addition, lectin chemicals in guava were shown to bind to E-coli (a common diarrhea-causing organism), preventing its adhesion to the intestinal wall and thus preventing infection (and resulting diarrhea).
The effective use of guava in diarrhea, dysentery and gastroenteritis can also be related to guava's documented antibacterial properties. Bark and leaf extracts have shown to have in vitro toxic action against numerous bacteria. In several studies guava showed significant antibacterial activity against such common diarrhea-causing bacteria as Staphylococcus, Shigella, Salmonella, Bacillus, E. coli, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas. It has also demonstrated antifungal, anti-yeast (candida), anti-amebic, and antimalarial actions.
In a recent study with guinea pigs (in 2003) Brazilian researchers reported that guava leaf extracts have numerous effects on the cardiovascular system which might be beneficial in treating irregular heat beat (arrhythmia). Previous research indicated guava leaf provided antioxidant effects beneficial to the heart, heart protective properties, and improved myocardial function. In two randomized human studies, the consumption of guava fruit for 12 weeks was shown to reduce blood pressure by an average 8 points, decrease total cholesterol levels by 9%, decrease triglycerides by almost 8%, and increase "good" HDL cholesterol by 8%. The effects were attributed to the high potassium and soluble fiber content of the fruit (however 1-2 pounds of fruit was consumed daily by the study subjects to obtain these results!). In other animal studies guava leaf extracts have evidenced analgesic, sedative, and central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity, as well as a cough suppressant actions. The fruit or fruit juice has been documented to lower blood sugar levels in normal and diabetic animals and humans. Most of these studies confirm the plant's many uses in tropical herbal medicine systems.
CURRENT PRACTICAL USES
Guava, known as the poor man's apple of the tropics, has a long history of traditional use, much of which is being validated by scientific research. It is a wonderful natural remedy for diarrhea - safe enough even for young children. For infants and children under the age of 2, just a cup daily of guava fruit juice is helpful for diarrhea. For older children and adults, a cup once or twice daily of a leaf decoction is the tropical herbal medicine standard. Though not widely available in the U.S. market, tea-cut and powdered leaves can be obtained from larger health food stores or suppliers of bulk botanicals. Newer in the market are guava leaf extracts that are used in various herbal formulas for a myriad of purposes; from herbal antibiotic and diarrhea formulas to bowel health and weight loss formulas. Toxicity studies with rats and mice, as well as controlled human studies show both the leaf and fruit to be safe and without side effects.
Traditional Preparation: The fruit and juice is freely consumed for its great taste, nutritional benefit and nutrient content, as well as an effective children's diarrhea remedy. The leaves are prepared in a standard decoction and dosages are generally 1 cup 1-3 times daily.
Contraindications:
Guava has recently demonstrated cardiac depressant activity and should be used with caution by those on heart medications.
Guava fruit has shown to lower blood sugar levels and it should be avoided by people with hypoglycemia.
Drug Interactions: None reported, however excessive or chronic consumption of guava may potentiate some heart medications.
**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guava
**** TROPILAB.COM
www.tropilab.com/guava.html
**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINAL PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Bayabas.htmlprotein powder for weight loss
No comments:
Post a Comment